Research Article

Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998)

Michael O’Donnell, Leif D. Nelson, Evi Ackermann, Balazs Aczel, Athfah Akhtar, Silvio Aldrovandi, Nasseem Alshaif, Ronald Andringa, Mark Aveyard, Peter Babincak, Nursena Balatekin, Scott A. Baldwin, Gabriel Banik, Ernest Baskin, Raoul Bell, Olga Białobrzeska, Angie R. Birt, Walter R. Boot, Scott R. Braithwaite, Jessie C. Briggs, Axel Buchner, Desiree Budd, Kathryn Budzik, Lottie Bullens, Richard L. Bulley, Peter R. Cannon, Katarzyna Cantarero, Joseph Cesario, Stephanie Chambers, Christopher R. Chartier, Peggy Chekroun, Clara Chong, Axel Cleeremans, Sean P. Coary, Jacob Coulthard, Florien M. Cramwinckel, Thomas F. Denson, Marcos Díaz-Lago, Theresa E. DiDonato, Aaron Drummond, Julia Eberlen, Titus Ebersbach, John E. Edlund, Katherine M. Finnigan, Justin Fisher, Natalia Frankowska, Efraín García-Sánchez, Frank D. Golom, Andrew J. Graves, Kevin Greenberg, Mando Hanioti, Heather A. Hansen, Jenna A. Harder, Erin R. Harrell, Andree Hartanto, Michael Inzlicht, David J. Johnson, Andrew Karpinski, Victor N. Keller, Olivier Klein, Lina Koppel, Emiel Krahmer, Anthony Lantian, Michael J. Larson, Jean-Baptiste Légal, Richard E. Lucas, Dermot Lynott, Corey M. Magaldino, Karlijn Massar, Matthew T. McBee, Neil McLatchie, Nadhilla Melia, Michael C. Mensink, Laura Mieth, Samantha Moore-Berg, Geraldine Neeser, Ben R. Newell, Marret K. Noordewier, Asil Ali Özdoğru, Myrto Pantazi, Michał Parzuchowski, Kim Peters, Michael C. Philipp, Monique M. H. Pollmann, Panagiotis Rentzelas, Rosa Rodríguez-Bailón, Jan Philipp Röer, Ivan Ropovik, Nelson A. Roque, Carolina Rueda, Bastiaan T. Rutjens, Katey Sackett, Janos Salamon, Ángel Sánchez-Rodríguez, Blair Saunders, Juliette Schaafsma, Michael Schulte-Mecklenbeck, David R. Shanks, Martin F. Sherman, Kenneth M. Steele, Niklas K. Steffens, Jessie Sun, Kyle J. Susa, Barnabas Szaszi, Aba Szollosi, Ricardo M. Tamayo, Gustav Tinghög, Yuk-yue Tong, Carol Tweten, Miguel A. Vadillo, Deisy Valcarcel, Nicolas Van der Linden, Michiel van Elk, Frenk van Harreveld, Daniel Västfjäll, Simine Vazire, Philippe Verduyn, Matt N. Williams, Guillermo B. Willis, Sarah E. Wood, Chunliang Yang, Oulmann Zerhouni, Robert Zheng, Mark Zrubka

Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998) reported that participants primed with a category associated with intelligence (“professor”) subsequently performed 13% better on a trivia test than participants primed with a category associated with a lack of intelligence (“soccer hooligans”). In two unpublished replications of this study designed to verify the appropriate testing procedures, Dijksterhuis, van Knippenberg, and Holland observed a smaller difference between conditions (2%–3%) as well as a gender difference: Men showed the effect (9.3% and 7.6%), but women did not (0.3% and −0.3%). The procedure used in those replications served as the basis for this multilab Registered Replication Report. A total of 40 laboratories collected data for this project, and 23 of these laboratories met all inclusion criteria. Here we report the meta-analytic results for those 23 direct replications (total N = 4,493), which tested whether performance on a 30-item general-knowledge trivia task differed between these two priming conditions (results of supplementary analyses of the data from all 40 labs, N = 6,454, are also reported). We observed no overall difference in trivia performance between participants primed with the “professor” category and those primed with the “hooligan” category (0.14%) and no moderation by gender.

Keywords: priming, replication, intelligence

Citation: O’Donnell, M., Nelson, L. D., Ackermann, E., Aczel, B., Akhtar, A., Aldrovandi, S., . . . Zrubka, M. (2018). Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998). Perspectives on Psychological Science, 13, 268-294. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691618755704